The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is a federal independent executive agency that has been tasked with environmental protection issues. The EPA was created on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon, who proposed the creation of the agency on July 9, 1970. An executive order was also signed by Nixon to establish the EPA, and it began operations that same day. While the EPA's primary task is to protect the environment, it also oversees a variety of other governmental departments and agencies. The EPA's role in homeland security is outlined in several Presidential Directives. The first three direct the EPA's role in the national response system. In addition, they require the EPA to implement a Continuity of Operations plan and conduct routine internal testing. This guidance is intended to help state and local governments address the environmental and public health threats posed by dangerous substances in the environment. During an emergency, the EPA must support a state or local government and a state's critical infrastructure, including drinking water systems. The EPA has the power to regulate commerce. The Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution gives the government the power to restrict pollution. These laws are vital in protecting the environment and protecting wildlife. EPA regulations have been in place since 1970, and they have protected over half of the land in the United States. As such, it is important to follow these guidelines. This ensures that our country has the best possible chance to avoid future disasters.