In today's rapidly advancing technological landscape, the integration of engineering methodologies and Industry 4.0 technologies has become crucial for the design of innovative robotic systems. This article presents an innovative approach that combines Systems Engineering (SE) methodologies with Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies for the conceptual design of underwater exploration vehicles. Through a case study on an aquatic exploration vehicle, it illustrates how the functional approach of SE allows for the incorporation of I4.0 technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data analysis to enhance the autonomy and efficiency of robotic systems.